name	Lucky Dube
background	solo_singer
birth name	Lucky Philip Dube
born	August 03, 1964Ermelo, Transvaal (now Mpumalanga), South Africa
died	October 18, 2007Rosettenville, JohannesburgGauteng, South Africa
genre	reggae, mbaqanga
instrument	Vocals, Keyboards
label	Rykodisc, Gallo Record Company
occupation	Musician
years active	1982–2008
associated acts	The Love Brothers, Remlius }}

Lucky Philip Dube (pronounced ''doo-beh'') (August 3, 1964 – October 18, 2007) was a South African reggae musician. He recorded 22 albums in Zulu, English and Afrikaans in a 25-year period and was South Africa's biggest selling reggae artist. Dube was murdered in the Johannesburg suburb of Rosettenville on the evening of 18 October 2007.

Biography

Early life

Lucky Dube was born in Ermelo, formerly of the Eastern Transvaal, now of Mpumalanga, on August 3, 1964. His parents separated before his birth and he was raised by his mother, Sarah, who named him because she considered his birth fortunate after a number of failed pregnancies. Along with his two siblings, Thandi and Patrick, Dube spent much of his childhood with his grandmother, while his mother relocated to work. It was from there that he was introduced to the Mormon religion. In a 1999 interview he described his grandmother as "his greatest love" who "multiplied many things to bring up this responsible individual that I am today."

Beginning of his musical career

As a child Dube worked as a gardener but, as he matured, realizing that he wasn't earning enough to feed his family, he began to attend school. There he joined a choir and, with some friends, formed his first musical ensemble, called ''The Skyway Band''. While at school he discovered the Rastafari movement. At the age of 18 Dube joined his cousin's band, The Love Brothers, playing Zulu pop music known as mbaqanga whilst funding his lifestyle by working for Hole and Cooke as a security guard at the car auctions in Midrand. The band signed with Teal Record Company, under Richard Siluma (Teal was later incorporated into Gallo Record Company). Though Dube was still at school, the band recorded material in Johannesburg during his school holidays. The resultant album was released under the name ''Lucky Dube and the Supersoul''. The second album was released soon afterwards, and this time Dube wrote some of the lyrics in addition to singing. It was around this same time when he began to learn English.

Moving into reggae

On the release of his fifth Mbaqanga album, Dave Segal (who became Dube's sound engineer) encouraged him to drop the "Supersoul" element of the name. All subsequent albums were recorded as ''Lucky Dube''. At this time Dube began to note fans were responding positively to some reggae songs he played during live concerts. Drawing inspiration from Jimmy Cliff and Peter Tosh, However, he was not discouraged and continued to perform the reggae tracks live and wrote and produced a second reggae album. ''Think About The Children'' (1985). It achieved platinum sales status and established Dube as a popular reggae artist in South Africa, in addition to attracting attention outside his homeland.

Commercial and critical success

Dube continued to release commercially successful albums. In 1989 he won four OKTV Awards for ''Prisoner'', won another for ''Captured Live'' the following year and yet another two for ''House Of Exile'' the year after. His 1993 album, ''Victims'' sold over one million copies worldwide. In 1995 he earned a worldwide recording contract with Motown. His album ''Trinity'' was the first release on Tabu Records after Motown's acquisition of the label.

In 1996 he released a compilation album, ''Serious Reggae Business'', which led to him being named the "Best Selling African Recording Artist" at the World Music Awards and the "International Artist Of The Year" at the Ghana Music Awards. His next three albums each won South African Music Awards. His most recent album, ''Respect'', earned a European release through a deal with Warner Music. Dube toured internationally, sharing stages with artists such as Sinéad O'Connor, Peter Gabriel and Sting. He appeared at the 1991 Reggae Sunsplash (uniquely that year, was invited back on stage for a 25 minute long encore) and the 2005 Live 8 event in Johannesburg.

In addition to performing music Dube was a sometime actor, appearing in the feature films ''Voice In The Dark'', ''Getting Lucky'' and ''Lucky Strikes Back''.

Death

On October 18, 2007, Lucky Dube was killed by suspected carjackers in the Johannesburg suburb of Rosettenville shortly after dropping two of his seven children off at their uncle's house. Dube was driving his Chrysler 300C which the assailants were apparently after. Five men were arrested in connection with the murder. Three were tried and found guilty on March 31, 2009; two of them attempted to escape and were caught. The men were sentenced to life in prison.

Legacy

On October 21, 2008, Rykodisc released a compilation album entitled ''Retrospective'', which featured many of Dube's most influential songs as well as previously unreleased tracks in the United States. The album celebrated Dube's music and honored the contributions he made to South Africa.

Discography

Mbaqanga

Lengane Ngeyethu (1981)

Kudala Ngikuncenga (1982)

Kukuwe (1983)

Abathakathi (1984)

Ngikwethembe Na? (1985)

Umadakeni (1987)

Afrikaans

Help My Krap (1986)

Reggae

Rastas Never Die (1984)

Think About The Children (1985)

Slave (1987)

Together As One (1988)

Prisoner (1989)

Captured Live (1990)

House of Exile (1991)

Victims (1993)

Trinity (1995)

Serious Reggae Business (1996)

Tax man (1997)

The Way It Is (1999)

The Rough Guide To Lucky Dube (compilation) (2001)

Soul Taker (2001)

The Other Side (2003)

Respect (2006)

Compilation

Live in Jamaica (2000)

Lucky Dube Live In Uganda (2008)

Retrospective (2008)

References

Further reading

''Afropop! An Illustrated Guide to Contemporary African Music'' by Sean Barlow & Banning Eyre. (Book Sales August 1995) ISBN 0785804439, ISBN 978-0785804437

External links

Photo-interview with sounds produced by Classical Reggae Interviews. This interview was used by the BBC London to produce a radio report about the death of Lucky Dube!

Lucky Dube at discogs.com

Category:1964 births Category:2007 deaths Category:People from Mpumalanga Category:Murder in 2007 Category:Deaths by firearm in South Africa Category:Murdered musicians Category:People murdered in South Africa Category:South African reggae musicians Category:South African actors Category:South African murder victims Category:South African Rastafarians Category:Wrasse Records artists

af:Lucky Dube bn:লাকি ডুবি bg:Лъки Дубей de:Lucky Dube es:Lucky Dube fr:Lucky Dube it:Lucky Dube sw:Lucky Dube ht:Lucky Dube hu:Lucky Dube ja:ラッキー・デューベ pl:Lucky Dube pt:Lucky Dube fi:Lucky Dube sv:Lucky Dube yo:Lucky Dube

Jacob (Jackie) Sello Selebi (born 7 March 1950 in Johannesburg) is the former national commissioner of the South African Police Service, and a former president of Interpol. In January 2008, Selebi was put on extended leave as national police commissioner, and resigned as president of Interpol, after he was charged with corruption in his native South Africa. He was replaced as national commissioner in July 2009 by Bheki Cele. Selebi was found guilty of corruption on 2 July 2010 and sentenced to 15 years imprisonment on 3 August 2010.

Biography

Selebi was a representative of the Soviet Union's World Federation of Democratic Youth in Budapest, Hungary, from 1983 to 1987.

In 1987 he was elected head of the African National Congress (ANC) Youth League while in exile in Zambia. In the same year, he was appointed to the National Executive Committee of the ANC.

In 1991 he was made responsible for the repatriation of ANC exiles back into South Africa, and was appointed head of the Department of Welfare of the ANC in 1993.

In 1994 he was elected as a Member of Parliament for the ANC.

From 1995 to 1998, Selebi served as the South African ambassador and permanent representative to the United Nations.

In 1998, he was appointed Director-General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Pretoria, a post he held until 1999.

In 1998, Selebi received a Human Rights Award from the International Service for Human Rights.

In 2000, he was made national commissioner of the South African Police Service, a post he held until 2009.

During that time, Selebi was elected vice- president of Interpol (African region) in 2002, as post he held until 2004.

In 2004, Selebi was elected as president of Interpol, a post he held until 2008.

During his time with Interpol, Selebi also served as Chair of the Anti-Landmine Conference, Oslo, Norway; Chair of Justice, Crime Prevention and Security Cluster; and Chair - Human Rights Commission, United Nations, 54th Session.

He resigned both as National Police Commissioner and President of Interpol in 2008 when corruption charges were laid against him.

Controversies

Response to crime rate

In 2007, Selebi was strongly criticised for responding to concern within the country over South Africa's rising crime rate with the comment "What's all the fuss about crime?"

On prostitution and drinking

In March of the same year, Selebi was also criticised for his suggestion to legalise prostitution and public drinking for the duration of the 2010 Soccer World Cup to be hosted in South Africa. Opposition political parties and Doctors For Life International expressed their dismay at Selebi's recommendation and called on parliament not to legalise prostitution or public drinking.

Friendship with alleged drug lord

Selebi has admitted to a friendship with Glenn Agliotti, who is a suspect in the murder of Brett Kebble, and was allegedly involved in a large drug deal and organised crime. Despite being head of police at the time, Selebi claimed that he was oblivious that his friend was involved with crime.

Arrest on corruption charges

On 10 September 2007, the National Prosecuting Authority issued a warrant of arrest for Selebi for corruption, fraud, racketeering and defeating the ends of justice.

Suspension

On 12 January 2008, President Thabo Mbeki effectively suspended Selebi via an "extended leave of absence," and appointed Timothy Charles Williams as acting national commissioner of police.

On 13 January, Interpol announced that Selebi had resigned as president of the organisation to fight the corruption allegations.

Corruption trial

After several postponements, Selebi’s trial began in earnest on 8 April 2010, nearly two years after the charges were first laid.

Evidence in court

During the trial, convicted drugs smuggler Glenn Agliotti told the court that he had paid Selebi over R1.2 million ($157,000; £98,000) in bribes since 2000.

Agliotti testified that he had handed over cash-stuffed envelopes and bought handbags for Selebi's wife.

Agliotti said he had first met Selebi in 1990, when he first asked for money to pay for medical bills.

"Initially I would pay from my own money. I would put it in an envelope. It was small amounts - 5,000 rand, 10,000 rand, Agliotti testified.

Two later payments, Agliotti continued, were worth R120,000 and R200,000 respectively.

Agliotti further testified that he and Selebi would go shopping together at upmarket Johannesburg shopping centres where all purchases would be charged to Agliotti's account.

"When the accused and I met, I enjoyed shopping and so did he. Him being my friend, I would instruct shop attendants to put all the clothes on my account," Agliotti testified.

"For the accused's wife's birthday, I wanted to buy her a Louis Vuitton handbag from Sandton... a red patent one [that] cost 10,000 rand. [The] accused's wife came with me," he said.

In further testimony, Agliotti said he had been a go-between for Selebi and mining tycoon, Brett Kebble, who wanted Selebi to stop an investigation into his company and have charges against his father Roger dropped.

Conviction

Selebi was found guilty of corruption on 2 July 2010, but not guilty of further charges of perverting the course of justice.

Judge Meyer Joffe dismissed the defence's argument and said prosecutors had proven that Selebi had received money from Agliotti.

"Having due regard to the poor quality of the accused's evidence, the accused's denial of receipt of the payment is not reasonably possibly true," Judge Joffe said.

Furthermore, Judge Joffe accused Selebi of having shown "complete contempt for the truth", including falsely accusing a witness of lying during the trial.

"It is never pleasant to make an adverse credibility finding against a witness. It stigmatises the witness as a liar, a person of low moral fibre. It is a stigma that remains forever. It is so much more unpleasant to make such a finding against the person at the head of SAPS," Judge Joffe said, adding that Selebi had a low moral fibre and cannot be relied upon."

Selebi was slated to be sentenced on 15 July, but the non-availability of character witnesses caused a postponement to 2 August 2010.

He was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment on 3 August 2010.

Selebi was released on R20,000 ($2,746) bail while his lawyers prepare an appeal. That process is likely to take between eight months and a year to complete.

Notes

References

South African Press Association (SAPA). "Selebi fuming over trial postponement." ''Mail & Guardian''. 4 May 2009. (accessed May 4, 2009).

External links

Profile at South African Police Service

Profile at Interpol

Shame on you, Selebi IOL

Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:People from Johannesburg Category:South African police officers Category:Police officers convicted of corruption Category:Interpol officials Category:African National Congress politicians Category:Members of the National Assembly of South Africa Category:South African politicians convicted of crimes Category:Permanent Representatives of South Africa to the United Nations Category:South African prisoners and detainees Category:Prisoners and detainees of South Africa

no:Jackie Selebi fi:Jackie Selebi